Bible Roots
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Rooted in Scripture. Grounded in History.

Go Deeper Into God's Word.

Read Scripture, explore centuries of Christian thought, and connect the Bible with the writings and beliefs that shaped Christianity.

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Scripture — History — Understanding

Scripture

A focused Bible reader with highlights, notes, and side-by-side translations.

History

The Church Fathers and historical writings in public-domain editions.

Understanding

Christian traditions and doctrines presented fairly, side by side.

Church Fathers

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51 figures, from the early Church Fathers to modern Christian thinkers, ordered by approximate death date or known activity.

  1. Depiction of Clement of Rome

    Clement of Rome

    c. 35–99

    Apostolic Fathers

  2. Depiction of Ignatius of Antioch

    Ignatius of Antioch

    c. 35–110

    Apostolic Fathers

  3. Depiction of Polycarp of Smyrna

    Polycarp of Smyrna

    c. 69–155

    Apostolic Fathers

  4. Depiction of Justin Martyr

    Justin Martyr

    c. 100–165

    Ante-Nicene Fathers

  5. Depiction of Irenaeus of Lyons

    Irenaeus of Lyons

    c. 130–202

    Ante-Nicene Fathers

  6. Depiction of Clement of Alexandria

    Clement of Alexandria

    c. 150–215

    Ante-Nicene Fathers

  7. Depiction of Tertullian

    Tertullian

    c. 155–220

    Ante-Nicene Fathers

  8. Depiction of Origen of Alexandria

    Origen of Alexandria

    c. 185–253

    Ante-Nicene Fathers

  9. Depiction of Cyprian of Carthage

    Cyprian of Carthage

    c. 210–258

    Ante-Nicene Fathers

  10. Depiction of Eusebius of Caesarea

    Eusebius of Caesarea

    c. 260–339

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  11. Depiction of Athanasius of Alexandria

    Athanasius of Alexandria

    c. 296–373

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  12. Depiction of Ephrem the Syrian

    Ephrem the Syrian

    c. 306–373

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  13. Depiction of Basil the Great

    Basil the Great

    c. 330–379

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  14. Depiction of Gregory of Nazianzus

    Gregory of Nazianzus

    c. 329–390

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  15. Depiction of Gregory of Nyssa

    Gregory of Nyssa

    c. 335–395

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  16. Depiction of Ambrose of Milan

    Ambrose of Milan

    c. 339–397

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  17. Depiction of John Chrysostom

    John Chrysostom

    c. 347–407

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  18. Depiction of Jerome

    Jerome

    c. 347–420

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  19. Depiction of Augustine of Hippo

    Augustine of Hippo

    354–430

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  20. Depiction of Cyril of Alexandria

    Cyril of Alexandria

    c. 376–444

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  21. Depiction of Leo the Great

    Leo the Great

    c. 400–461

    Nicene & Post-Nicene Fathers

  22. Depiction of Gregory the Great

    Gregory the Great

    c. 540–604

    Late Patristic Period

  23. Depiction of Maximus the Confessor

    Maximus the Confessor

    c. 580–662

    Late Patristic Period

  24. Depiction of John of Damascus

    John of Damascus

    c. 675–749

    Late Patristic Period

  25. Depiction of Anselm of Canterbury

    Anselm of Canterbury

    1033–1109

    Medieval Christianity

  26. Depiction of Bernard of Clairvaux

    Bernard of Clairvaux

    1090–1153

    Medieval Christianity

  27. Depiction of Thomas Aquinas

    Thomas Aquinas

    c. 1225–1274

    Medieval Christianity

  28. Depiction of Bonaventure

    Bonaventure

    c. 1217–1274

    Medieval Christianity

  29. Depiction of Gregory Palamas

    Gregory Palamas

    c. 1296–1359

    Medieval Christianity

  30. Depiction of John Wycliffe

    John Wycliffe

    c. 1328–1384

    Medieval Christianity

  31. Depiction of Huldrych Zwingli

    Huldrych Zwingli

    1484–1531

    Reformation & Early Modern Christianity

  32. Depiction of Martin Luther

    Martin Luther

    1483–1546

    Reformation & Early Modern Christianity

  33. Depiction of Thomas Cranmer

    Thomas Cranmer

    1489–1556

    Reformation & Early Modern Christianity

  34. Depiction of John Calvin

    John Calvin

    1509–1564

    Reformation & Early Modern Christianity

  35. Depiction of Teresa of Ávila

    Teresa of Ávila

    1515–1582

    Reformation & Early Modern Christianity

  36. Depiction of Jacobus Arminius

    Jacobus Arminius

    1560–1609

    Reformation & Early Modern Christianity

  37. Depiction of John Owen

    John Owen

    1616–1683

    Reformation & Early Modern Christianity

  38. Depiction of John Bunyan

    John Bunyan

    1628–1688

    Reformation & Early Modern Christianity

  39. Depiction of Jonathan Edwards

    Jonathan Edwards

    1703–1758

    Enlightenment, Revival & Nineteenth-Century Theology

  40. Depiction of John Wesley

    John Wesley

    1703–1791

    Enlightenment, Revival & Nineteenth-Century Theology

  41. Depiction of Friedrich Schleiermacher

    Friedrich Schleiermacher

    1768–1834

    Enlightenment, Revival & Nineteenth-Century Theology

  42. Depiction of Søren Kierkegaard

    Søren Kierkegaard

    1813–1855

    Enlightenment, Revival & Nineteenth-Century Theology

  43. Depiction of Charles Spurgeon

    Charles Spurgeon

    1834–1892

    Enlightenment, Revival & Nineteenth-Century Theology

  44. Depiction of Dietrich Bonhoeffer

    Dietrich Bonhoeffer

    1906–1945

    Modern & Contemporary Christianity

  45. Depiction of C. S. Lewis

    C. S. Lewis

    1898–1963

    Modern & Contemporary Christianity

  46. Depiction of Karl Barth

    Karl Barth

    1886–1968

    Modern & Contemporary Christianity

  47. Depiction of N. T. Wright

    N. T. Wright

    1948–present

    Modern & Contemporary Christianity

  48. Depiction of Pope John Paul II

    Pope John Paul II

    1920–2005

    Modern & Contemporary Christianity

  49. Depiction of John Stott

    John Stott

    1921–2011

    Modern & Contemporary Christianity

  50. Depiction of R.C. Sproul

    R.C. Sproul

    1939–2017

    Modern & Contemporary Christianity

  51. Depiction of Kallistos Ware

    Kallistos Ware

    1934–2022

    Modern & Contemporary Christianity

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Bible Roots · Scripture text: KJV and World English Bible (public domain), via bible-api.com